What is a subperiosteal implant and how is it different from a traditional dental implant?

What is a subperiosteal implant and how is it different from a traditional dental implant?

Subperiosteal Implant is an artificial implant that is implanted in the area of ​​missing teeth. It is usually placed under the periosteum of the jawbone instead of directly implanted into the bone. Compared with traditional dental implants, the main difference of subperiosteal implants is their location and indications:

Position: While traditional dental implants are usually placed directly into the jawbone, subperiosteal implants are placed below the periosteum and are suitable for patients with insufficient bone volume or poor bone quality.

Indications: Subperiosteal implants are often used in patients who are unable to receive conventional implants due to insufficient bone volume, especially in the posterior portion of the mandible or maxilla.

What are the indications for subperiosteal implant? Which patients are suitable for this type of implant?

Indications for subperiosteal implants include:

Insufficient Bone: The patient’s jawbone lacks sufficient height or width to support traditional implants.

Poor Bone Quality: Due to osteoporosis or other bone diseases, the patient’s bone structure is not suitable for traditional implants.

Complete Denture Patients: For patients who require complete dentures, subperiosteal implants can provide better support and stability.

Refusal of bone graft: Some patients may be reluctant to undergo bone graft surgery, subperiosteal implants offer an alternative.

What are the types of subperiosteal implant? What are the specific uses and characteristics of each implant?

The main types of subperiosteal implants include:

Monolithic Subperiosteal Implant: This implant is usually a single structure and is suitable for smaller missing areas to provide basic support.

Two-piece subperiosteal implant: Made of two parts, it offers greater stability and adaptability, suitable for larger or complex defect areas.

Customized Subperiosteal Implants: Customized to the patient’s specific anatomy to provide optimal fit and function for special cases.

What materials are subperiosteal implant usually made of? How do these materials affect implant stability and patient healing?

Subperiosteal implants are usually made of the following materials:

Titanium alloy: Titanium alloy is the most commonly used subperiosteal implant material due to its excellent biocompatibility and strength. It can integrate well with bone tissue and promote healing.

Polymer: Some subperiosteal implants may use biocompatible polymers, suitable for temporary restorations or patients with metal allergies.

Ceramic materials: In some cases, ceramic materials can also be used for subperiosteal implants due to their excellent biocompatibility and aesthetic properties.

The influence of materials on implant stability and healing:

Biocompatibility: Materials with high biocompatibility can reduce rejection reactions and promote healing of surrounding tissues.

Strength and durability: The strength of the material affects the stability of the implant during use and ensures effective support of the restoration.

Antibacterial Properties: Certain materials may have antibacterial properties, further reducing the risk of infection.

What is the surgical procedure for subperiosteal implant? What should patients pay attention to before and after the operation?

Surgical Procedure:

Preoperative Evaluation: Prior to surgery, your dentist will perform a comprehensive oral examination and radiographic evaluation to determine implant suitability and position.

Anesthesia: Before the procedure begins, the dentist will use local anesthesia to ensure that the patient does not feel pain during the procedure.

Surgical incision: The dentist will make an incision in the gums to expose the periosteum.

Implant Placement: Subperiosteal implants are placed under the periosteum of the jawbone, ensuring their stability.

Suturing: After the procedure is complete, your dentist will close the incision to promote healing.

Postoperative precautions:

Maintain oral hygiene: Patients should maintain good oral hygiene to avoid infection. Use a mild mouthwash and a soft-bristled toothbrush to clean the mouth.

Avoid strenuous exercise: During the healing period, patients should avoid strenuous exercise and heavy physical labor to avoid putting pressure on the implant.

Regular Follow-up: Patients should follow up with their dentist regularly to monitor the progress of healing.